I will write down my topic and I want outline for that, then after 4 weeks you will write my final paper it will be related to my outline.My Topic Will be about(Supporting mental illness and intellectual disabilities in disasters).*I will also upload my friend outline for example his topic was about Risk of Populations with Special Needs during Disasters.*I would also mention that my instructor told my that my topic is good but I may I  need to narrow it as I go along with the research.
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Student’s Name
Professor’s Name
Course
Date
Risk of Populations with Special Needs during Disasters
Outline
Abstract
? The purpose of this discussion is to evaluate the risk of populations with special needs
during disasters.
? It will analyze the special needs population, their risk factors, and disaster preparedness
and management approaches
Introduction
? The special needs population that are at risk during disasters include the elderly, children,
pregnant women, persons with disabilities, and mental health patients.
? The different disasters affecting the high-risk population include natural, biological,
technological, and societal.
? The emergency preparedness approaches to reduce the risks.
Thesis Statement: People with special needs are a high-risk population that requires adequate
planning and involvement in risk management before, during, and after disasters.
Risk Factors for Children, Elderly, Pregnant Women, People with Disability, the Poor and
Mental Health Patients
? Physical conditions prevent them from an expedited evacuation.
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? People with disabilities do not participate in self-protective measures before, during, and
after a disaster (Thomas et al. 199).
? The poor live in squalor conditions, and they lack the resources needed for evacuation or
response to a disaster (Thomas et al. 84).
? The poor are disadvantaged due to the slow post-disaster response associated with living
in unfamiliar territories to the emergency workers.
? The elderly rely on a fixed income and may not have disposable money to cater to the
emerging challenges before, during, and after a disaster (Thomas et al. 167).
? Children are dependent on adults to guarantee their safety (Baker and Cormier 70).
? Persons with disability have diminished mobility making the evacuation process difficult.
? Individuals with mental disorder are likely to act in contravention with the established
procedures necessary for risk management.
Disaster Preparedness and Management Approaches that Factor in Special Needs
Population
? The at-risk population must be included in the preparation process to avoid severe effects
during disasters (Madu and Kuei 9).
? The emergency management team must have a contingency plan of easing the evacuation
process of special needs people.
Conclusion
? Vulnerable population are at risk of severe consequences during disasters.
? The risks are dependent on the type of disaster and vulnerability of the persons.
? Appropriate measures should be taken to minimalize the severity of disasters on the atrisk population.
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Annotated Bibliography
Meyer, Leslie, et al. “Barriers to Disaster Preparedness among Medical Special Needs
Populations.” Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 3, no. 205, 2015, pp. 1-8. doi:
10.3389/fpubh.2015.00205.
In the article, Meyer and co-researchers assess the medical special needs (MSN) of people living
in the hurricane-prone area. The authors highlight the lack of preparedness among individuals
with MSN, which undermines the efforts of evacuation during a disaster and increases the risks
of severe effect. The article will be useful in the research due to its analysis of the risks
associated with people that have MSN during disasters.
Ronoh, Steve, et al. “Children with Disability and Disaster Risk Reduction: A Review.”
International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, vol. 6, no. 1, 2015, pp. 38-48. doi:
10.1007/s13753-015-0042-9.
The article highlights the plight of children with disabilities when they are excluded from
disaster risk reduction initiatives, and as a result, the risks are more pronounced. The dangers
associated with the exception include physical, psychological, and educational risks. Therefore,
the source will help to understand children with disability, their experiences of disasters, and
obstacles that hinder them from being part of the disaster reduction initiatives.
Busapathumrong, Pattamaporn. “Disaster Management: Vulnerability and Resilience in
Disaster Recovery in Thailand.” Journal of Social Work in Disability &
Rehabilitation, vol. 12, no. 1-2, 2013, pp. 67-83. doi: 10.1080/1536710X.2013.784176.
In the article, Busapathumrong explores the vulnerability and resilience among women, children,
the elderly, and disabled population who are mostly high-risk people during disasters. The
researcher analyzes the population at risk against the disaster management used in Thailand, but
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first, the risk factors associated with such individuals are discussed. The article will be important
for research because it highlights the different types of risk factors and the suitable method
appropriate for reducing risks.
Fogel, Sondra, J. “Reducing Vulnerability for Those Who are Homeless during Natural
Disasters.” Journal of Poverty, vol. 21, no. 3, 2017, pp. 208-226. doi:
10.1080/10875549.2016.1141384.
In the article, Fogel evaluates the vulnerable state of the homeless people during disasters. The
homeless are often neglected by society yet they are one of the at-risk population. Consequently,
the source will be useful to the research by offering insights on the issue of disaster preparedness
with an emphasis on the problems that increase the risk and the things the homeless need during
natural calamities.
Karen, Levin L., et al. “Disaster Planning for Vulnerable Populations: Leveraging
Community Human Service Organizations Direct Service Delivery Personnel.”
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, vol. 20, 2014, pp. S76-S82. doi:
10.1097/PHH.0000000000000096.
Karen and co-researchers note that during catastrophic events, the vulnerable local populations
cannot attain optimal preparedness to deal with the emerging situation. The risk factors
associated with such a population increase when the disaster management approaches are
inadequate and insufficient. Therefore, the source will inform the research by evaluating the
importance of Community Human Service Organizations in reducing risks during a disaster.
Reilly, Daniel. “Business Continuity, Emergency Planning and Special Needs: How to
Protect the Vulnerable.” Journal of Business Continuity & Emergency Planning, vol.
9, no. 1, 2015, pp. 41-51.
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In the article, Reilly provides a thorough explanation of how the vulnerable populations are at an
increased risk of harm during disasters unlike the other segments of the society. Reilly highlights
some of the vulnerabilities that result from disabilities, such as impaired hearing and vision,
cognitive disorders, age-related factors, and language isolation. This article is indispensable since
it provides detailed information about special needs population, elaborates their vulnerability
during disaster response, and explains how to partner with them to improve the planning process
during disasters.
Ronoh, Steve, et al. “Children with Disabilities and Disaster Preparedness: A Case Study of
Christchurch.” New Zealand Journal of Social Science Online, vol. 10, no. 2, 2015,
pp. 91-102. doi: 10.1080/1177083X.2015.1068185.
The authors use information from the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) to clarify that
disasters affect millions of children every year of which more than seven million are disabled
making them a vulnerable group. Ronoh and other researchers concentrate on a case study in
Christchurch to highlight the realities and obstacles associated with disaster preparedness among
disabled children since the scholars believe that policymakers and researchers overlook this
segment. This article is timely, well-researched and descriptive, which makes it appropriate to
use in the research paper.
Indrakanti, Saratchandra, et al. “Quantifying Access Disparities in Response Plans.” PLoS
One, vol. 11, no. 1, 2015, pp. 1-18. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146350.
In the article, Indrakanti and other researchers ascertain that effective planning and response
during disasters contribute to the well-being of societies. The authors highlight mass prophylaxis
as the most feasible approach to use during emergency response, but they note that the plan may
not be effective when dealing with a subpopulation of a vulnerable population. Therefore, the
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article is useful to this research because it provides solutions to various challenges that
vulnerable people face during biological emergencies.
Wyte-Lake, Tamar, et al. “The Role of Home-Based Provider in Disaster Preparedness of a
Vulnerable Population.” Gerontology, vol. 60, no. 4, 2014, pp. 336-345. doi:
10.1159/000355660.
This article considers veterans that receive home-based primary care (HBPC) to be the
vulnerable group during an emergency due to their increased psychological, physical, and
functional limitations. Consequently, the researchers believe that the vulnerabilities are likely to
prevent these individuals from preparing for disasters, thus exposing them to high risks. The
information in this source will help to understand the management plan of patients receiving
medical care in their homes during disasters.
Needle, Scott, and Joseph Wright. “Ensuring the Health of Children in Disasters.”
American Academy of Pediatrics, vol. 136, no. 5, 2015, pp. e1407-e1417. doi:
10.1542/peds.2015-3112.
Needle and Wright emphasize that during disaster preparedness, response, and recovery,
it is important to address the needs of infants, children, and adolescents in various areas
including social, mental, developmental, physical, and communication among others. The
authors highlight different pediatric parties that should participate in treating vulnerable
individuals and encourage them to collaborate with local, state, federal and regional agencies.
This source is relevant to the research paper because it provides crucial information on how to
promote the well-being and health of children during emergencies.
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Works Cited
Baler, Lisa R., and Loretta A. Cornier. Disasters and Vulnerable Populations: Evidence-Based
Practice for the Helping Professions. Springer Publishing Company, LLC., 2015.
Thomas, Deborah S., et al., editors. Social Vulnerability to Disasters. 2nd ed., CRC Press, 2015.
Madu, Christian N. Chu-Hua Kuei, editors. Handbook of Disaster Reduction & Management.
World Scientific Publishing Company, 2017.

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