Quiz 7
Quiz Instructions
Objective:
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Explain analytics and decision support
Explain Common Research Methodologies
Instructions:
Please answer the 1 essay question and 5 multiple choice questions pertaining to informatics
and decision support.
Explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative research:
The unintended consequences of clinical decision support systems in CPOE was discussed in
the chapter. Identify potential unintended consequences of CDSS used in other applications
in healthcare:
Introduction to
Healthcare Informatics,
Second Edition
Chapter 7:
Research
© 2017 American Health
Management
© 2017Information
American Health
InformationAssociation
Management Association
Objectives
• Develop a personal vocabulary of research
related terms
• Apply the steps in the research process
• Articulate the role of the EHR in healthcare
research
• Relate the principles of research design
• Examine statistical analysis tools
• Select the means of appropriate data
analysis
• Choose the appropriate means for data
visualization
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Principles of Research Design
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Quantitative Research
Qualitative Research
Mixed Methods Research
Experimental Research
Correctional Research
Quasi-Experimental
Clinical Outcomes Assessment
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IRB Processes and Procedures
• IRB approval must be obtained before
collecting any data
• Office for Human Research Protections of
the Department of Health and Human
Services monitors compliance of IRB
offices
• Vulnerable subjects
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Steps in Research Process
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Determine research question
Define study variables and their data types
Identify sample and population
Data collection methods
Data collection instruments
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Data Analysis
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Reliability and validity
Select statistical analysis software
Microsoft Excel
SPSS
SAS
R Software
Stata
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Sample of R Software
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Data Analysis (continued)
• Determine statistical formulas to use or
statistical tests to conduct
• Compute descriptive statistics
– Measures of central tendency
– Measures of spread
• Compute inferential statistics
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Advanced Data Analysis
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Trend analysis
Predictive analysis
Forecasting
Data mining
Epidemiological applications
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Data Visualization
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Microsoft Excel
SPSS
R Software
Dashboards
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Example of CMS Medicare
Chronic Conditions Dashboard
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Data Retrieval
• Languages and tools
• SQL: Microsoft Access, Oracle, IBM DB2,
SQL Server
• SPSS Data Explore Function
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Data Reporting
• Tables, charts, and figures from statistical
software results
• Reporting software
• Presentation software
• Recommending organizational action
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Summary
• Research is used to analyze data in order to
uncover new information
• IRB approval is essential before beginning
research
• The validity and reliability of research must
be established
• Research results can be disseminated in
reports, conference proceedings, or journal
articles
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Introduction to
Healthcare Informatics,
Second Edition
Chapter 9:
Healthcare Informatics and Decision
Making
© 2017 American Health
Management
© 2017Information
American Health
InformationAssociation
Management Association
Objectives
• Interpret the use of decision support
systems (DSSs) in healthcare settings
• Compare and contrast the potential
and limitations of DSSs in research
• Use data visualization processes to
facilitate decision making
• Analyze the trends that demonstrate
quality, safety, and effectiveness of
patient care using statistical analysis
of healthcare data
• Evaluate administrative reports using
department software tools
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Decision Support Systems
• Definition
• Administrative decision systems
• Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs)
provide:
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The right information
To the right person
In the right format
Through the right channel
At the right time
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Knowledge Management
• Definition
• A model of knowledge management
(KM):
– A knowledge artifact, codified knowledge in
a format insufficient for fully effective use by
practices
– A number of interdependent processes are
necessary to manage knowledge
– There are social and technical dimensions
to these processes as a result of
knowledge being tacit and being explicit
– Action emanates from the tacit dimension of
knowledge and KM processes engaged in
pursuit of organization’s mission
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A Conceptual Knowledge Management
Framework in Healthcare
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Administrative Uses
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Natural language processing (NLP)
Computer assisted coding (CAC)
HIM
Executive and department managers,
public health agencies
• Data analytics
• Electronic patient portals
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Example of Alert for Preventive
Care
Wellness Reminder
Due Date
Last Completed
Location
Body Mass >25 Alert
DUE NOW
UNKNOWN
DAYT29
Colon Cancer
13 Aug 2016
13 Aug 2012
DAYT29
Influenza Vaccination
13 Aug 2016
13 Aug 2011
DAYT29
Pneumonia
DUE NOW
UNKNOWN
DAYT29
13 Aug 2016
13 Aug 2011
DAYT29
Eye Exam for Diabetes 13 Aug 2016
13 Aug 2011
DAYT29
Screening
Vaccination
Control of Your
Cholesterol
© 2017 American Health Information Management Association
Clinical Decision Support Systems—
Improve Safety and Quality
• The health record the primary
communication tool
• Disparity in access to information for
CDSSs
– Provider bias
– Literacy of patients
• Best way to communicate with patients
• The Joint Commission
• Leadership support
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Research About Decision
Support Systems
• Long-term care
• Genomics and personalized
Medicine
• Computer-Assisted Coding (CAC)
• Community mental health
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Unintended Consequences
of Clinical Decision Support
Systems
• Definition
• A study of CPOE
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Unintended Consequences
Guide Framework
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Quality
• Workflow
• Just-in-time information
• Legal Health Record
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The State of the Art
• Time, speed, and ease
• The interaction in using the system
• Future perspective
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